加工品 are items that can be created on your farm by various Artisan Equipment. They can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days (in-game time) to be processed. Most Artisan Goods do not have a star quality, so the star quality of the ingredients used is ignored.
If the Artisan Skill is chosen after reaching level 10 Farming, Artisan Goods will be worth 40% more (with the exception of Oil and Coffee).
For whatever reason, processing time calculates differently while sleeping versus being awake. 1 hour equals 60 minutes when awake but, equals 100 minutes when sleeping.
If you sleep a whole day, the machine would process 2400 mins. (100 x 24)
If you work from 6:00AM till 12:00AM., and sleep 6 hours, the machine will process 1680 mins a day. (60 x 18 + 100 x 6)
If you work from 6:00AM. till 2:00AM, and faint 4 hours, the machine will process 1600 mins a day. (60 x 20 + 100 x 4)
For example, Preserves Jars need 4000 mins to work. If you sleep the whole process, you need to sleep 40 hours, less than 2 days. If you work 18 hours a day, it takes 2 days, 10 hours and 40 minutes.
A Cask takes wine and cheese and ages them to increase quality and value. The aging speed varies between products. Wine takes the longest: it takes 2 seasons of aging to go from basic wine to iridium quality wine.
Using a Large Milk or Large Goat Milk will always give gold star quality Cheese or Goat Cheese, respectively. Using Milk or Goat Milk will normally produce no-star quality cheeses, with a very small chance of producing a higher quality cheese.
Kegs are typically considered best for long-term results - growing a massive amount of Starfruit and turning it into Wine can be extremely profitable but takes a long time.